mqkre;am;a;sh ,o foaYfma%ó;ajh

ìia‌jd,a wfma rgg meñKsfha ;udf.a ksjig tk mßoafoks

fmd,sia‌ ks,OdÍka jydu w;awvx.=jg .kak

miq.shod ckdêm;s;=ud n%s;dkH hg;a úð;jd§ka úiska 1818 le/,af,ka miqj foafYo%daySka f,i kïfldg t,a,d urd oeuQ iy ráka msgqjy,a lrkq ,enQ 60 la‌ foaYfma%óka f,i kï lrk ,§' óg fmr lemafmáfmd< ks,fïo foaYfma%óka f,i kï flßKs' ckdêm;s;=udf.a tu ,foaYfma%ó, iy ,foaYysff;IS, l%shdj wms w.h lruq' kuq;a ta iuÛ fuho lsj hq;=j we;'

 rfÜ ~talSh~ Ndjh /lSug úfoaYSh wdl%uKslhkag úreoaOj ler,s .eiQ Wla‌; ùrhka foafYo%daySka f,i kï lf<a bx.%Sis cd;slhkah' bx.%SiSka tfia kï l<o Tjqka wfma yoj;a ;=< iod ,e.=ïf.k we;af;a ~ùrhka~ ke;fyd;a ~foaYfma%óka~ f,i ÿIag bx.%Sis cd;Syq tu le/,a, ueඬmeje;aùug lf<a l=ula‌o hkak wm ishÆ fokd oksuq' Wka wjq' 18 ) 35 w;r ishÆu isxy,fhda urd oeuQy' isxy,hkaf.a l=Uqre .sks ;enQy' jeõ wuqKq úkdY l<y' yrlndk >d;kh l<y' isy¿kaf.a ishÆu m,;=re .ia‌ lmd oeuQ w;r yels;dla‌ mdkSh <sxj,g ji oeuQy' wmg wo udkj ysñlï .ek foaYk meje;aùug tkafka tjka bx.%SiSkah'

bx.%SiSka wfma rg wdl%uKh fldg bkamiq wmg l< tu úkdYh" ys;ams;a ke;s lDDr wmrdO" uq¿ukskau wu;l fldg wog;a Wkafka wKilg jl%j fyda hg;aj l%shdlrhs kï wm buy;a ksjg kshdÆ cd;shla‌ njg m;a jkafkuq' tmuKla‌ fkdj th Bfha Èk kïlrkq ,enQ ,foaYfma%óka, ishÆ fokdgo lrk uy;ajQ wjudkhla‌o jkq we;' bx.%SiSka úiska foafYo%daySka f,i Tjqka kïfldg urd oeuqfõ Tjqka rg ksoyia‌a lr .ekSug" rfÜ talSh Ndjh wdrla‌Id lsÍug Èú mrÿjg ;nd igka l< ksidh' tfia kï wo wm isákafka fld;eko@

bx.%SiSka úiska foafYo%dayS f,i kï lrkq ,enQ" foaYfha ~talSh Ndjh~ fjkqfjka igka l< ~hqo ùrhka~ jir 200 lg miq ckdêm;s;=ud úiska foaYfma%óka f,i kï lrk w;r;=r bx.%SiSkaf.a ngysr rgj,a iy fou< fnÿïjd§ vhia‌ fmdardjkaf.ao jqjukdjg wkqj rfÜ talShNdjh /lSug ;%ia‌;hka iuÛ Èú mrÿjg ;nd igka l< ~rKúrejka~ hqo wmrdOlrejka f,i yxjvq .eiSug bv m%ia‌:dj i,id §uh' 1818 § Wla‌; ùrhka foafYo%daySka f,i m%ldY lf<a bx.S%iSka muKls' kuq;a j¾;udk rch wfma rKúrejka hqo wmrdO l<d hEhs ms<sf.k cd;Hka;rh yuqfõ kskaodjg m;alrkafka bx.%SiSkao iuÛh' fuu ;;a;ajhg wm iskdish hq;=o yeçh hq;=o hkak ug fkdf;af¾'

fn!oaOhka jYfhka wm mqk¾Njh fyj;a kej; bms§u úYajdi lruq' kej; Njhla‌ ,nk úg jeo.;a jkafka ~pq;s Ñ;a;hhs~ urK fudfydf;a we;sjk wjidk Ñ;a;h Bg yria‌ jk m%n, Wmdodkhla‌ fkdue;s úg§ Bg wkql+,j B<Û Njfha bm§u isÿ fõ' tfia kï rfÜ talShNdjh fjkqfjka igka fldg ñh hk fndfyda fofkla‌ B<Û w;aNjfhao rg fírd .ekSug iqÿiq mßirhl" mjq,l bm§ rg fjkqfjka igka lrk fm!rIhla‌ ,nd.kafka hEhs úYajdi l< yel' Bg mdjd fokakka o tfiauh' wo rg mdjd fokakkaf.a meálsßh neÆjfyd;a ta nj ;yjqre lr.; yel' tfia kï tod bx.S%iSka úiska foafYo%daySka f,i kïfldg urd oeuQ ta ùrhska foaYdkqrd.fhka ñhf.dia‌ j¾;udkfha rKúrejka f,i bm§ we;ehs lsjfyd;a fn!oaO o¾Ykh wkqj th wj{dfjka neyer l< fkdyels m%ldYhla‌ fõ'

th wyUqfjka fyda isÿ ù tod Èúms¥ ta ùrhka wo j¾;udkfha rKúrejka fia bm§ we;ehs is;uq' tfiakï ckdêm;s;=ud úiska fmr Njfha rfÜ talShNdjh fjkqfjka igka l< ~ùrhka~ foaYfma%óka njg m;afldg ck;djf.a f.!rjhg md;% lrk úg j¾;udk md,lhka úiska fï Njfha Wm; ,nd rfÜ talShNdjh fjkqfjka igka l< ta ùrhkau isr .; lrñka iy cd;Hka;r hqo wêlrKhg f.k heug ux fm;a újr lr foñka kskaodjg m;alsÍuh' fn!oaOhka f,i ta ;¾lh wmg wj{dfjka neyer l< yelso@

wo wkqrdOmqr ßudkaâ isr ueÈßfha fmd,sia‌ ks,OdÍka 11 fokl= udi 5 lg wêl ld,hla‌ isr.;j isà' Tjqkaf.a kvqj úNd. jkafka ls,sfkdÉÑ Widúfhah' óg jir 6 lg fmr pqkakdlï l|jqf¾ mqkre;a:dmkh jQ fldá idudðlfhla‌ uyd mßudKfha fidrlula‌fldg isr Ndrhg .eksKs' Tyq úiska fidrlï lrk ,o ,la‍I 30 l muK NdKa‌vo fmd,sia‌ Ndrhg f.k we;' bkamiq ;j;a fidrlula‌ fldg iÛjd ;nk ,o NdKa‌v fmkaùug hoa§ mek heug ;e;afldg Èfha .s,S ñhf.dia‌ we;' ta ms<sn|j meje;ajQ mYapd;a urK mÍla‍IKfha§ isref¾ lsisÿ ;=jd,hla‌ ^myr§ula‌& isÿù ke;ehso fuh Èfha .s,sS isÿ jQ ia‌jdNdúl urKhla‌ hEhso ks.ukh fldg tu kvqj ;Skaÿfldg wjika ù we;' óg udi 5 lg fmr fjk;a kvqjlg fmr lS wod< fldá idudðlhd ú;a;slrefjla‌ njg m;afldg ;snqKq w;r ls,sfkdÉÑ Widúfha kvqldrjrhd Tyq fldysoehs úuid we;s w;r ñhf.dia‌ we;ehs oekajQ úg ñh .sfha flfiaoehs wid we;' fmd,sia‌ Ndrfha isáh§ mekheug ;e;afldg Èfha .s,S ñh .sh neõ mejiQ miq tÈk rdcldßfha isá ishÆu fmd,sia‌ ks,OdÍka jydu w;awvx.=jg .kakd f,i ksfhda. lrk ,§' ta wkqj tu ks,OdÍka 11 fokd wo udi 5 lg wêl ld,hla‌ isr.;j isà' miq.sh rch ld,fha isÿ fkdjQ fujka isoaëka fï rch hgf;a fufia isÿjkafka wehs@ wjikafldg we;s kvq mjd kej; t<shg f.k fufia rKúrejkag oඬqjï fokafka ta i|yd rcfhka fld< t<shla‌ § we;s neúks' hqoaOfha§ rg fjkqfjka fiajh l< yuqod fmd,sia‌ ks,Odßfhla‌ fufia kslrefKa isr.; lrk w;r;=f¾ jir 200 lg fmr rg fjkqfjka Èú ms¥ ùrhka foaYfma%óka njg m;alrk w;súfYaI .eiÜ‌ m;%h ~ysia‌~ m;%sldjla‌ jkafka tneúks'

wo jir 12 lg wvq fiajhla‌ iys;j mQ¾K wdndê; ;;a;ajhg m;aj fiajfhka bj;ajQ rKúrejkayg úYd, .egÆjla‌ u;=j ;sfí' Tjqkg ;u jegqma" Èukd ,enqK o úY%du jegqmg ysñlï fkdue;' úY%du jegqmg ysñlï fkdue;s tjka finf<la‌ yÈisfha ñh.shfyd;a tu ìß|g ,efnkafka b;d iq¿ uqo,ls' Tjqka Kh ,nd ;sfí kï jegqmla‌ fkdue;s ;rïh' idudkHfhka mQ¾K wdndê; ;;a;ajhg m;ajQ flfkla‌g je<fËk frda. fndfydah' Èhjeähdj" wê reêr mSvkh jeks frda. je<fËkafka lsisÿ jHdhduhla‌ YÍrhg fkd,efnk neúks' tjka wfhla‌ wjqreÿ 55 g fmr ñh.shfyd;a Tjqkaf.a mjq,a wkd: fõ' tjka mjq,a lsysmhla‌ oekgu;a isà' fï m%Yakh rchg b;d myiqfjka úi¢h yela‌fla ta ms<sn|j leìkÜ‌ m;%sldjla‌o ;sfnk neúks' j¾I 2014 foie' ui ksl=;ajQ tu leìkÜ‌ m;%sldfjka wkqu; lr we;af;a fuu mqoa.,hkag muKla‌ iSud jkfia tu úY%du jegqm ,nd§ughs'

kuq;a fuu wdndê; rKúrejka fï ms<sn|j Woaf>daIK msg Woaf>daIK mj;aj;a§" uy mdf¾ jdäù isásoa§" l÷¿ .Eia‌" c, m%ydr t,a, fldg m,jd yeßh miqo h<s;a meñK Woaf>daIKh lroa§" rch ;ju;a fï ms<sn|j l%shdud¾.hla‌ fkd.kafka wehs@ fujka rKúrejka we;af;a ;=ka oyilg wvq msßila‌ kï fuh tljr wkqu; fldg wjika l< yels m%Yakhla‌ fkdfõo@ tfia kï tfia fkdlrkafka fjk;a ÿIag wruqKla‌ idla‌Id;a lr .ekSugh' tkï rfÜ ;reKhka yuqodjg ne£u wffO¾h lrkq i|ydh' yuqodjg ne£ hqoaOfldg wdndê; ;;a;ajhg m;ajqjfyd;a ;ukag w;ajkafka fuu brKu hEhs fkdis;kafka ljqo@ tneúka b;d f,fyisfhka úi¢h yels m%Yakhla‌ leìkÜ‌ wkque;shla‌ mjd ;sìh§u fufia È.ska È.gu we§ heug i,ia‌jd rKúrejd ck;dj bÈßfha yE,aÆjg m;a lsÍug i,ia‌jkafka ys;du;du fkdfõo@

oeka ðkSjd kqjr udkj ysñlï ieisjdrh meje;afõ' tys§ wfma rg ms<sn|j bÈßm;a jQ m%{ma;sfha m%.;sh .eko idlÉPd fõ' tu m%{m;a;sh bÈßm;a lf<a wefußldj jk w;r thg iu wkq.%dyl;ajh oela‌jQfha ux., iurùr úfoaY weue;s u.ska wfma rchhs' tu m%{ma;shg mdol jQfha udkj ysñlï flduidßia‌ ckrd,a fihsoa yqfiakaf.a jd¾;djh' tu jd¾;dfjka lsfhkqfha wfma rKúrejka hqo wmrdO l< njg idOdrK idla‌Is ;sfnk njh' ux., iurùr tu jd¾;dj weußldj iuÛ ,w.h lrñka, ms<sf.k we;' rgl úfoaYSh wud;Hjrfhla‌ ;udf.au rfÜ rKúrejka wka;¾ cd;sl m%cdj bÈßfha mdjdÿka tlu wjia‌:dj fuh úh yel'

tod weußldfõ kSYd ìia‌jd,a wfma rgg meñKsfha ;udf.a ksjig tk mßoafoks' 2015 ck isg 2016 foie' jk úg weh 15 j;djla‌ ,xldjg meñK ;sìKs' iuka;d mj¾ o weußldfõ isg fuys meñK fl<skau hkafka hdmkhgh' f.dia‌ yuqjkafka tys m%Odk weue;s ú.afkaYajrkah' wefußldfõ ysgmq rdcH f,alï fcdaka flÍ o fuys meñK we;' fï lsisÿ flfkla‌ wo wefußlka foaYmd,kfha ke;' wfma rfÜ jdikdjg ys,ß la‌,skagka mrdch ù fvdk,aâ g%ïma n,hg meñKs ú.i lf<a kSYd ìia‌jd,a" fcdaka flÍ" iuka;d mj¾ mkakd oeóuh' wmg flfkys,s lï l< n%s;dkH w.ue;s fâúâ leurkag o f.or heug isÿúh' wfma rg fµvr,a lsÍug rKúrejkag hqo wmrdO fpdaokd bÈßm;a lsÍug fou< fnÿïjd§ vhia‌fmdardj iuÛ tl;=ù l=uka;%Kh lf<a fudjqkah' oeka fudjqka lsisfjla‌ ke;' miq.sh Èfkl tla‌;rd úfoaYSh udOHlrefjla‌ ux., iurùr úfoaYh wud;Hjrhdf.ka ðkSjd fhdackd ms<sn| m%Yakhla‌ wid we;' oeka foaYmd,k kdhlhka fjkia‌ù we;s ksid tx.,ka;fhka iy wefußldfjka fuu fhdackd l%shd;aul lsÍug n,mEï fkdlrkq we;s fkdfõo hkqfjks' thg ux., iurùr ms<s;=re § we;af;a fufiah' ,ldf.a n,mEï wdj;a kdj;a wms fuh l%shd;aul lrkjd, hkqfjks' thska woyia‌ lrkafka wfma rKúrejka hqO wmrdO l<dh hk fpdaokd ms<sf.k ta ms<sn|j úfYaI wêlrK we;=¿ l%shdud¾. .kakd njh' tfia kï ux., iurùr l%shdlrkafka rg fjkqfjkao fou< vhia‌ fmdardj fjkqfjkao hkak thskau meyeÈ,s fõ' ckdêm;s;=ud 1818 rg fjkqfjka igka l< úrejka w.hoa§ ux., iurùr we;=¿ rch rg fjkqfjka igka l< j¾;udk rKúrejka w.hkafka fuf,isks' ckdêm;sjrhd hkq ;%súO yuqod fiakdúOdhlh' ;udf.a foaYysff;IS lghq;= mjd yE,aÆjg ,la‌lrk fuu úfoaY weue;sjrhd iïnkaOfhka rfÜ fiakdúOdhl;=ud .kakd l%shdud¾.h l=ula‌oehs wms úuis,af,ka n,d isáuq'