mq,;sismqr ,laI Whk f.dú ckmofha bmso f,dj Èkkakg iuf;l= f,i ye§ jevqKq ffu;%S f.a foudmsfhda ishkE fldar<fha .fKauq,a, m%foaYfhka rcrg f.dú ìï fj; ixl%uKh jQfjda h'
ffofjdam.; f,i" ffu;%Sf.a Wm; isÿ jQfha 1951 iema;eïn¾ 02 jeks Èk Y%S ,xld ksoyia mCIh ks, jYfhka wdrïN ù fydard lsysmhla f.ù .sh ;ek h' Y%S ,xld ksoyia mCIfha mqfrda.dó kdhlhd jk nKavdrkdhl Y%Su;dKkaf.a ckau Èkh jk ckjdß 08 jeks od iuia; úmCIfha uyd iïu; wfmaCIlhd jk ffu;%S" ckdêm;sjrhd f,i ck;d Pkaofhka m;a jkq we;af;a rdcOdks hq.fhka miqj rcráka ìysjk m<uq rdcH kdhlhd jYfhks'
ffu;%Sf.a mshd fojk f,dal hqo iufha il%Sh yuqod fiajfha fhÿKq ks,Odßfhls' uj mdi,a .=re ud;djls' 1940 oYlfha w. Nd.fha § ffu;%Sf.a mshd ish mjqf,a iudðlhka o iu. fmdf<dkakrejg meñKsfha fiajd uqla; yuqod ks,OdÍka yg ã' tia' fiakdkdhl rcfhka ,nd ÿka f.dú ìï wiajeoa§ug h'
fmdf<dkakrej f;damd jej uyd úoHd,fha iy miqj fmdf<dkakrej rdclSh úoHd,fha YsIHhl=j isá wjÈfha § u iudc yd foaYmd,k lreKq ms<sn| ffu;%S ;=< ;snQ iyc Wkkaÿj yd l=;=y,h kHdhd;aul foaYmd,k wjfndaOhla njg m;a lr .ekSug ffu;%Sg bjy,a jQfha ,xld fldñhqksiaÜ mCIfha Ök msf,ys kdhl Ykauq.odika ifydaorhdf.a weiqrhs' iudcjd§ oDIaÀfhka o iyc kdhl;aj .=Kfhka o fyì ffu;%S kï mdi,a YsIH kdhlhd fmdf<dkakrej Y%S','ks'm' md¾,sfïka;= uka;%S ,S,dr;ak úfÊisxy uy;df.a werhqfuka fmdf<dkakrej Y%S','ks'm' ;reK ixúOdkfha f,alï OQrhg m;a jk úg Tyqg jhi wjqreÿ 17 imsreKd muKs' miqj 1971 le/,a, iufha § uvl,mqj nkaOkd.drh ;=< ffu;%Sg isrn;a lkakg isÿ jQfha Tyq mdif,a § fmkajQ iyc m%.;sYS,S ;reK kdhl;aj .=Kdx.h ksidu h'
1981 jk úg Y%S','ks'm' ;reK iïfï,kfha iNdm;s Oqrh wkqr nKavdrkdhl uy;d úiska o" f,alï Oqrh neis,a rdcmCI uy;d úiska o NdKavd.dßl Oqrh ffu;S% úiska o oerE w;r 1982 ckdêm;sjrKh wjia:dfõ § neis,a rdcmCI uy;d t'cd'm'hg tla jQ úg tu ;k;=frys j.lSu o Ndr.;a ;reK ffu;%sg fmdf<dkakrej Y%S ,xld ksoyia mCI ixúOdhl Oqrh o ysñ úh'
fmdf<dkakre Èia;%sla md¾,sfïka;= uka;%Sjrfhl= f,i 1989 § f;aÍ m;a jQ ffu;%s" 1994 fmdÿ fmruqKq wdKavqfõ jdßud¾. ksfhdacH wud;Hjrhd f,i m;a úh' 1997 § isÿ l< tu wdKvqfõ m<uq leìkÜ ixfYdaOkfha § Tyq uyje,s ixj¾Ok wud;Hjrhd f,i m;a flßKs'
t;eka mgka ffu;%sf.a foYmd,k Ôú;fha j.lSï nyq, ld, mßÉfPaohla Wod úh' YS%','ks'm'fha Wm f,alï Oqrhg 1997 jif¾ § m;a jQ ffu;%S" 2001 jif¾ § mlaI uy f,alï Oqrhg m;aj mqrd jir 14la wLKavj tu ;k;=r orhs' tfukau" Tyq ;j;a m%Odk leìkÜ wud;H Oqr .Kkdjla tljr orñka ish úIh lafI;% ;=< mqfrda.dó iy úma,ùh ld¾hhka .Kkdjlg kdhl;ajh ÿkafka h'
f.dú ck yo .eiau ienE f,i y÷kk ffu;%S" lDIsl¾u iy uyje,s ixj¾Ok wud;H Oqrh orñka ;ud ye§ jevqKq idïm%odhsl lDIsld¾ñl mßirfha mdrïmßl oekqu" kj f,dj oekqu iu. uqiq lrñka ks¾udKYS,S lDIs jHdmD;s .dKkdjla rgg y÷kajd ÿkafkah' ;j o" wiajkq jeälr f.dúhd iuDoaêu;a lrkq jia iykdOdr /ila ,nd §ug o Tyq mqfrda.dó úh' fudr.ylkao ) l¿.Û iy j,fõ jï bjqr jeks jdß fhdackdl%u Èh;a lf<a ffu;%S úisks'
jir .Kkdjl isg ffu;%S l< wr.,hl m%;sM,hla f,i lsf,da 50 fmdfydr ñáh remsh,a 350 g f.dú ck;djg ,nd §u ms<sn| ikaOdk wdKavqfõ fmdfrdkaÿj h:d¾:hla lrùug yels jQfha lDIsl¾u weu;sjrhd f,i ffu;%Sf.a lem ùu fya;=fjks'
l,la wl¾uKHj mej;s ù wf,ú uKav,h iïmQ¾Kfhka jid oeóug 2000 jif¾ § lDIsl¾u weu;sjrhd f,i È'uq' chr;ak uy;d md¾,sfïka;=jg f.k wd mk;g tlfy<d tfrys jQ ffu;%s" th mrdch lsÍug úmCIfha yd wdKavqfõ uka;%Sjrekaf.a iyfhda.h ,nd .;af;a h' tfia" ù wf,ú uKav,h /l .;a ffu;%S 2005 jif¾ § lDIsl¾u wud;Hjrhd f,i m;a jQ miqj th mQ¾K n,e;s rdcH wdh;khla njg mßj¾;kh lf<a h' iy;sl ñ, hgf;a ù ñ,§ .ekSfï rdcH hdka;%Kh wo;a l%shd;aul jkafka tod ffu;%S h<s f.dv keÛq ù wf,ú uKav,h u.sks'
foaYSh wdydr ksIamdokh cd;sl uÜgñka by< kxjd rg wyßka iajhxfmdaIs; lsÍug Èh;a l< ,wms jjuq ) rg k.uq, jevigyk ffu;%Sf.a ixl,amhls' th ienúka u f.dúhd rc lrjk jevigykla úh' ta ;=<" jirlg rg mqrd m%dfoaYSh f,alï fldÜGdi uÜgñka jma uÛq,a W;aij ixúOdkh flreKq w;r mqrkaj .sh l=Uqre wlalr oi ,laIhlg jvd h<s wiajeoa§ug yels úh' f.j;af;a isg kd.ßl ;Ügq ksjdih olajd wvq;rñka t<j¿ me,hla fyda j.d lsÍug rg u fm< .eiqKq hq.hla tu.ska werôKs' ,wms jjuq ) rg k.uq, jevigyfka id¾:l;ajh flfia o h;a th wdKavqfõ u we;eï md¾Yajhkaf.a B¾IHdjg o md;% úh'
ffu;%s fi!LH wud;Hjrhd f,i lghq;= l< 2010 ) 2014 ld,h ;=< Tyq bgq l< fiajdj woaú;Sh fõ' wm rg ÿïjeáfhka iy uOHidrfhka uqojd .ekSu i|yd Tyq f.k .sh yqol,d wr.,h w.hñka f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkh yd ydj¾â úYajúoHd,h 2013 jif¾ § Tyq iïudkhg md;% lsÍu th ikd: lsÍuls'
ÿïjeá yd uOHidr Ndú;h wju lsÍu msKsi ffu;%S úiska f.k tk ,o mk;a flgqïm; uE; ld,Skj rfÜ uy;a wdkafoda,khlg ,la jQjls' tu mk; u.ska is.rÜ melÜgqfõ ms<sld wjodku oelafjk rEmuh fldgi 80] la úh hq;= nj ks¾foaY lr ;sìKs' tfy;a wjidkfha § th 60] olajd wvq lsÍug isÿ ùu msgqmi wdKavqfõ u wÈis yia; ls%hd;aul jQ nj m%isoaO ryils'
uydpd¾h fiakl ììf,a T!IO m%;sm;a;sh ls%hd;aul lsÍug ffu;%S fi!LH wud;Hjrhd f,i fkdìhj bÈßm;a jqj o T!IO iud.ï iy wdKavqfõ lmamï ud*shdj Bg wl=,a fy<S h' Y%S ,xldfõ kS;s flgqïm;a fomd¾;fïka;=j ;=< § tu mk;a flgqïm; w;=reoyka ùu ck;djf.a wjdikdjhs'
oYl y;rlg wêl foaYmd,k w;aoelSï iuqodhlska mßmQ¾K jQ ffu;%S ;%ia;jd§kaf.a >d;k m%h;ak jeä u ixLHdjlska" tkï wdikak >d;k W;idyhka mylg uqyqK ÿka isxy, ck kdhlhd h' ienúka u" Tyq fndr,eia.uqfõ § uqyqK ÿka urdf.k uefrk ;%ia; m%ydrfhka ksremo%s;j Èú .,jd .;af;a cd;sfha jdikdjg h' 2009 uehs ui hqoaOfha wjika Èk lsysmh o we;=¿j wjia:d myl § u jevn,k wdrlaIl wud;H Oqrfha lghq;= l< ffu;%S ish j.lSu ks¾Nhj bgq l< kdhlfhls'
fuu ckdêm;sjrKhg ffu;%S fmdÿ wfmalaIlhd f,i boßm;aj isákafka foaYmd,k mlaI iy ixúOdk 47l talu;sl tlÛ;dfjks' ta" j¾;udk wdKavqfõ ¥Is;" kdia;sldr" mjq,a flakao%Sh" w;a;fkdau;sl iy m%pKav yia;fha .%yKfhka rg o cd;sh o uqojd .ekSfï cd;sl wr.,hg kdl;ajh §u msKsi h' ffu;%S tu tä;r ;Skaÿj .;af;a ;ud yuqfõ ;enQ w.ue;s ;k;=r o m%;slafIam lrñks'
cd;sl wNsfhda. yuqfõ ish¨ mlaI tlÛ;djlg t<U lghq;= lsÍu wms ñka fmr o oel we;af;uq' ta" hï Wmo%jhlska ñ§u i|yd iuia; cd;sh u tla úh hq;= jQ wjia:djkays § h' 2004 j¾Ifha § Y%S','ks'm'h iy c'ú'fm' w;r o" 2006 j¾Ifha § ;%ia;jdoh mrdch lsÍu msKsi Y%S','ks'm'h iy t'cd'm'h w;r o fujeks u tlÛ;d .súiqï w;aika ;enqfKa h' tu wjia:d fofla § u" wdKavqj iy Y%S','ks'm'h fjkqfjka tu .súiqïj,g w;aika lf<a ffu;%S h' fujr o Y%S','ks'm'fha úYd, msßila o iu. iuia; úmlaIh ffu;%S jgd talrdYS ù isákafka j¾;udkfha rg uqyqK § isák mjq,ajd§ ÿ¾odka; md,kh ksud lsÍughs' ffu;%S ish Ôú;dYdj mjd yer oud fï cd;sl ld¾hh fjkqfjka lemù isáhs'
fï ;SrKd;aul fudfydf;a §" ffu;%S md,khla fjkqfjka iuia; Y%S ,dxlSh cd;shgu mshux lsÍug isÿj we;af;a Ok n,h" wú n,h" uer n,h" iy mjq,a n,h by jyd .sh udj;la Tiafia h' tfy;a ta ish¨ n,fõ.j,g jvd ck n,h m%n, nj t<fUk ckjdß 08 jeks od m%;HlaI jkq ksiel h'
ffu;%S md,kh hkq wjkS;sh fjkqjg kS;sh rc lrk" whqla;sh fjkqjg hqla;sh rc lrk" widOdrKh fjkqjg idOdrKh rc lrk" ¥IKh fjkqjg mdroDIHNdjh rc lrk" ienE udkj O¾u;djkag .re lrk ixialD;shl iy iudc l%uhl Wm;hs'
fmdÿck ch.%yKh fjkqfjka tlajqkq fm<.eiqkq ieug
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